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Anti-infectious
pharmaceuticals have already proved to be effective
in the treatment of infections. The basics of this kind
of treatment should always be present when choosing
the medicines.
They should be chosen in an individual basis,
having in attention the patients profile, the infections
location and the diseases origin.
In this group are included antibiotics, antifungus,
antiviral and antiparasitics.
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Blood
is the fluid of life, transporting oxygen from the lungs
to body tissue and carbon dioxide from body tissue to
the lungs. It is also the fluid of growth, transporting
nourishment from digestion and hormones from glands
throughout the body.
Blood is the fluid of health, transporting
disease fighting substances to the tissue and waste
to the kidneys. Therefore, it is essential to maintain
these fluids with a healthy way of living, and when
required, with the right medical treatment. These include
antianaemic, antithrombosis and haemostatic drugs.
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The
urogenital system is the group of related organs that
are concerned with the production and excretion of urine,
and the sexual functions of reproduction. The urinary
system is the group of organs that remove chemical wastes
from the blood and expel them from the body in form
of urine. The genital system is the group of organs
concerned with sexual intercourse (copulation) and reproduction.
The main diseases of this system are kidney
and bladder infections, breast cancer, prostatitis,
urethral infection and sexually transmitted disorders.
The drugs used are mainly anti infectious and antiseptics,
diuretics and in more complex cases (ex. cancer) a more
severe treatment is required.
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In
this category are medicine included in nearly all the
anterior divisions, with the particularity that they
are not proposed for oral, intravenous or intramuscularly
use.
They have an exclusive topical application
being ointment, creams and drops.
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The
disorders of the Central nervous system are mainly due
to disfunctions of the brain, spinal cord and nerves.
As a result the emotional and sensor activities are
affected.
The treatment is long and exhausting and
is usually done with pharmaceuticals such as anaesthesias,
inducers of muscular relaxation, excitory neurotransmitters,
psycho medicines and others.
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Breathing
along with the way the body uses oxygen is called respiration.
The organs used to help you breathe and use oxygen make
up the respiratory system. This system brings air into
the body and removes carbon dioxide through breathing.
It includes the nose, trachea, and lungs.
The main disorders of the breathing system
are asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung
cancer, and cystic fibrosis.
The most used pharmaceuticals are anticough
mixtures, and antiasthmatics.
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The
body is regulated by the endocrinal system that produces
hormones that chemically communicate to the various
tissues and organs. The major glands of the body are
the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas,
adrenals and sex glands. Each hormone emitted by the
appropriate glands has a specific function and acts
only on the cells it is supposed to act on.
Because of this, even one disfunctioning
gland can affect the entire body and some of the results
can be serious. To diminish these effects we usually
compensate our system with various kinds of hormones
depending on the cases (ex. Sexual hormones, insulin's,
etc.).
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Vitamins
are essential to the normal functioning of our bodies.
They are necessary for our growth, vitality, and general
well being. As important as vitamins are,
they can do nothing for you without minerals, they cannot
be assimilated without the aid of minerals. Minerals
are vital to overall mental and physical well being
All tissues and internal fluids of our body
contain varying quantities of minerals. Minerals are
constituents of the bones, teeth, soft tissue, muscle,
blood, and nerve cells.
With few exceptions the body cannot manufacture or synthesize
vitamins, and it cannot synthesize a single mineral.
They must be supplied in the diet or in supplements.
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The
cardiovascular system consists of a muscular pump and
the heart, in a double circuit of pipes.
Disease of the cardiovascular system consists
of things that compromise the pumping ability of the
heart, involve failure of the directional aids (valves),
or narrowing or failure of the pipes.
Various classes of drugs are used alone,
or in combination, to moderate symptoms of various diseases
of the cardiovascular system, such as Angiotensin converting
enzyme inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers,
Aldosterone antagonists, Alpha 2 adrenergic agonists,
Beta blockers, Calcium and sodium Channel Blockers,
Diuretics and Nitrates.
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A
healthy digestive system is required to transform food
into energy, which it uses to build, repair and fuel
itself. Digestion begins in the mouth and ends in the
colon, with a great deal of hard work being performed
by our bodies during the process.
There are many diseases that fall under
the heading of digestive disorders. The most common
and simple are acid pain, ulcers, diarrhoea and constipation,
which can be relieved with a heterogeneous group of
medicines.
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Allergy
is a word which we usually use for a particular group
of unpleasant (or dangerous) symptoms that some people
get from substances which are harmless to most of us.
We become allergic as a result of contact with the things
that cause it. Just occasionally this happens in the
womb, before we are born.
Allergy is immunity gone wrong. Examples
are hay fever, allergic asthma, food allergy, drug allergy,
and infantile eczema. The symptoms of allergies can
be suppressed by anti allergic therapy.
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Infusion
liquids are electrolyte and carbohydrate solutions with
the capacity of 500ml and 1000ml.
The most common are: Lactate, which expands
circulating blood volume by approximating the fluid
and electrolyte composition of the blood and provides
electrolytes; Dextrose, which provides calories for
some metabolic needs and supplies body water for hydration;
Sodium chloride expands circulating volume by approximating
sodium content of the blood.
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